How Important are Labor Markets to the Welfare of Indonesia's Poor?

35 hours aggregate poverty agricultural households Average Hours basis of hours Bengkulu Boediono Central Java decline in poverty defined detailed income profiles earnings East Java East Nusa Tenggara Economically Active Members Farmers in Central Government of Indonesia's headcount index hours per week hrs/wk Huppi and Ravallion incidence of poverty Income Sources Jakarta labor force labor market activity labor market policies Lampung less than 35 Maluku national poverty North Sulawesi North Sumatra percent poor and non-poor poverty between 1990 poverty in Indonesia poverty lines poverty measures poverty reduction Proportion of Economically provinces Ravallion 1991 remaining poor role rural agriculture rural areas Rural Self-Employed Farmers Rural Urban Rural Sectoral Structure self-employed farm households self-employed households September 1996 severe underemployment South Kalimantan Structure of Poverty Sulawesi Table total income underemployment and severe underemployment rates Unemployment urban areas Urban Rural Urban Wage Labor Market wage sectors welfare West Kalimantan West Sumatra World Bank