People and Power: Electricity Sector Reforms and the Poor in Europe and Central Asia, Pagina 419World Bank, 2007 - 227 pagini The debate on how to conduct pro-poor reforms of utilities frequently condemns tariff-based subsidies as socially regressive. But the empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in ECA, where access to utilities is almost universal, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. The book suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions. |
Din interiorul cărții
Rezultatele 1 - 3 din 51
Pagina 22
... result of changes in input prices of different goods . They also allow simulation of the macroeconom- ic effect of ... results , at the same time using fewer assumptions and more readily available data than a CGE model . A simpler ...
... result of changes in input prices of different goods . They also allow simulation of the macroeconom- ic effect of ... results , at the same time using fewer assumptions and more readily available data than a CGE model . A simpler ...
Pagina 115
... result in a fall in consumption from 200 KWh to about 140 KWh a month , a drop of 30 percent . So , all else equal ... results are usually more reliable for small price changes than for large changes . 12 The model fits the data well and ...
... result in a fall in consumption from 200 KWh to about 140 KWh a month , a drop of 30 percent . So , all else equal ... results are usually more reliable for small price changes than for large changes . 12 The model fits the data well and ...
Pagina 140
... result for greenfield develop- ment as well as for modernization of existing district heating systems . 9. The effective indoor temperature would be 20 ° C , considering 2 ° C addition- al from appliances and body temperature . 10. For ...
... result for greenfield develop- ment as well as for modernization of existing district heating systems . 9. The effective indoor temperature would be 20 ° C , considering 2 ° C addition- al from appliances and body temperature . 10. For ...
Alte ediții - Afișează-le pe toate
Termeni și expresii frecvente
AES Telasi Albania analysis Armenia arrears average Azerbaijan Baku Barmek Belarus benefits bills Bulgaria central heat collection rates consumers cost recovery countries demand distribution companies district heating dram economic effects of reform efficiency electricity consumption electricity expenditures electricity sector energy consumption energy expenditures energy sector environmental Europe and Central figure focus group Georgia higher Household Budget Survey Households reported impact of reform improved infrastructure investments Kazakhstan kerosene kgoe Kyrgyz Republic Lampietti manat meters mitigating Moldova natural gas nonpayment NREDs payment percent of households percentage political poor and nonpoor poor households Poor Nonpoor poverty power sector price elasticity price increases privatization PSIAS region residential Romania rural sector reform Serbia service quality share social Source stakeholders substitutes supply Table Tajikistan targeted tariff increases tariff-based subsidies Tbilisi Total Bottom 20 traditional fuels tricity Ukraine Union Fenosa utility welfare losses wood World Bank Yerevan