People and Power: Electricity Sector Reforms and the Poor in Europe and Central Asia, Pagina 419World Bank, 2007 - 227 pagini Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. 'People and Power' suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions. |
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Pagina 147
... Serbia . In all countries , the change in consumer sur- plus is greatest for the poor . Because the poor spend a larger share of their income on electricity , raising tariffs leads to a greater proportionate wel- fare loss for this ...
... Serbia . In all countries , the change in consumer sur- plus is greatest for the poor . Because the poor spend a larger share of their income on electricity , raising tariffs leads to a greater proportionate wel- fare loss for this ...
Pagina 166
... Serbia and Montenegro ) . In absolute terms , Albania , Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro all need to increase tariffs more than 2 cents per kilowatt hour ( KWh ) .1 Such sizable tariff increases are unlikely to be welfare neu- tral ...
... Serbia and Montenegro ) . In absolute terms , Albania , Macedonia and Serbia and Montenegro all need to increase tariffs more than 2 cents per kilowatt hour ( KWh ) .1 Such sizable tariff increases are unlikely to be welfare neu- tral ...
Pagina 196
... Serbia 96 100 99 na na na na Tajikistan 82 87 82 34 28 31 Turkey 71 96 87 Ukraine 84 95 89 888 74 57 62 19 6 9 na na 2 3 1 2 n.a. = not available Table A2.13 Water Sector Access , Payment , and Affordability 196 Lampietti , Banerjee ...
... Serbia 96 100 99 na na na na Tajikistan 82 87 82 34 28 31 Turkey 71 96 87 Ukraine 84 95 89 888 74 57 62 19 6 9 na na 2 3 1 2 n.a. = not available Table A2.13 Water Sector Access , Payment , and Affordability 196 Lampietti , Banerjee ...
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Termeni și expresii frecvente
AES Telasi Albania analysis Armenia arrears average Azerbaijan Baku Barmek Belarus benefits bills Bulgaria central heat changes collection rates consumers cost recovery countries demand distribution companies district heating dram economic effects of reform efficiency electricity expenditures electricity sector energy consumption energy expenditures energy sector environmental figure focus group Georgia higher Household Budget Survey Households reported impact of reform improved investments Kazakhstan kerosene kgoe Kyrgyz Republic Lampietti levels lowest 20 percent manat meters mitigating Moldova natural gas nonpayment NREDs payment percent of households percentage political poor and nonpoor poor households Poor Nonpoor poverty power sector price elasticity price increases privatization PSIAs region reliable residential sector reform Serbia service quality share social Source stakeholders substitutes supply Table Tajikistan targeted tariff increases tariff-based subsidies Tbilisi tion Total Bottom 20 traditional fuels tricity Ukraine Union Fenosa utility welfare losses wood World Bank Yerevan
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Are You Being Served?: New Tools for Measuring Service Delivery Samia Amin,Jishnu Das,Markus Goldstein Vizualizare completă - 2007 |