People and Power: Electricity Sector Reforms and the Poor in Europe and Central Asia, Pagina 419World Bank, 2007 - 227 pagini Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. 'People and Power' suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions. |
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Pagina 39
... fuel for heating and cooking . Back - of - the - envelope calculations confirm the rising use of natural gas . In Armenia , residen- tial consumption of natural gas more than tripled from 1996 to 2001 ( from 29,000 tons of oil ...
... fuel for heating and cooking . Back - of - the - envelope calculations confirm the rising use of natural gas . In Armenia , residen- tial consumption of natural gas more than tripled from 1996 to 2001 ( from 29,000 tons of oil ...
Pagina 49
... natural gas and central heat . Rural households depended more on wood for heating than urban households . In urban areas , the poor depended significantly more on wood for heating ( 56 percent ) and less on electricity ( 14 percent ) ...
... natural gas and central heat . Rural households depended more on wood for heating than urban households . In urban areas , the poor depended significantly more on wood for heating ( 56 percent ) and less on electricity ( 14 percent ) ...
Pagina 68
... natural gas tariffs remained fairly constant at GEL 0.27 per cubic meter in Tbilisi and GEL 0.30 per cubic meter in other cities , and even at full import prices gas was much less expensive than all other fuels . This , and the ...
... natural gas tariffs remained fairly constant at GEL 0.27 per cubic meter in Tbilisi and GEL 0.30 per cubic meter in other cities , and even at full import prices gas was much less expensive than all other fuels . This , and the ...
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Termeni și expresii frecvente
AES Telasi Albania analysis Armenia arrears average Azerbaijan Baku Barmek Belarus benefits bills Bulgaria central heat changes collection rates consumers cost recovery countries demand distribution companies district heating dram economic effects of reform efficiency electricity expenditures electricity sector energy consumption energy expenditures energy sector environmental figure focus group Georgia higher Household Budget Survey Households reported impact of reform improved investments Kazakhstan kerosene kgoe Kyrgyz Republic Lampietti levels lowest 20 percent manat meters mitigating Moldova natural gas nonpayment NREDs payment percent of households percentage political poor and nonpoor poor households Poor Nonpoor poverty power sector price elasticity price increases privatization PSIAs region reliable residential sector reform Serbia service quality share social Source stakeholders substitutes supply Table Tajikistan targeted tariff increases tariff-based subsidies Tbilisi tion Total Bottom 20 traditional fuels tricity Ukraine Union Fenosa utility welfare losses wood World Bank Yerevan
Referințe la această carte
Are You Being Served?: New Tools for Measuring Service Delivery Samia Amin,Jishnu Das,Markus Goldstein Vizualizare completă - 2007 |