People and Power: Electricity Sector Reforms and the Poor in Europe and Central Asia, Pagina 419World Bank, 2007 - 227 pagini Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. 'People and Power' suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions. |
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Pagina 21
... substitutes on ability to substitute Limited access to reliable and good quality electricity Little or no Positive Positive Very negative Very negative payment Eligible for Positive Positive Negative , depends Negative payment social on ...
... substitutes on ability to substitute Limited access to reliable and good quality electricity Little or no Positive Positive Very negative Very negative payment Eligible for Positive Positive Negative , depends Negative payment social on ...
Pagina 120
... Substitutes Another option , if provided on a full cost - recovery basis , would be to encourage use of such clean and inexpensive substitutes for heating and cooking as natural gas . In Baku , 33 percent of households heated with ...
... Substitutes Another option , if provided on a full cost - recovery basis , would be to encourage use of such clean and inexpensive substitutes for heating and cooking as natural gas . In Baku , 33 percent of households heated with ...
Pagina 222
... substitutes . See fuel substitutes coal , 40 See also fuel substitutes Cochabamba water facility ( Bolivia ) , 14 combined heat and power ( CHP ) plants , 126 , 136 , 139 consumers as stakeholders , 20 consumer surplus change , 147 ...
... substitutes . See fuel substitutes coal , 40 See also fuel substitutes Cochabamba water facility ( Bolivia ) , 14 combined heat and power ( CHP ) plants , 126 , 136 , 139 consumers as stakeholders , 20 consumer surplus change , 147 ...
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AES Telasi Albania analysis Armenia arrears average Azerbaijan Baku Barmek Belarus benefits bills Bulgaria central heat changes collection rates consumers cost recovery countries demand distribution companies district heating dram economic effects of reform efficiency electricity expenditures electricity sector energy consumption energy expenditures energy sector environmental figure focus group Georgia higher Household Budget Survey Households reported impact of reform improved investments Kazakhstan kerosene kgoe Kyrgyz Republic Lampietti levels lowest 20 percent manat meters mitigating Moldova natural gas nonpayment NREDs payment percent of households percentage political poor and nonpoor poor households Poor Nonpoor poverty power sector price elasticity price increases privatization PSIAs region reliable residential sector reform Serbia service quality share social Source stakeholders substitutes supply Table Tajikistan targeted tariff increases tariff-based subsidies Tbilisi tion Total Bottom 20 traditional fuels tricity Ukraine Union Fenosa utility welfare losses wood World Bank Yerevan
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Are You Being Served?: New Tools for Measuring Service Delivery Samia Amin,Jishnu Das,Markus Goldstein Vizualizare completă - 2007 |