People and Power: Electricity Sector Reforms and the Poor in Europe and Central Asia, Pagina 419World Bank, 2007 - 227 pagini Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. 'People and Power' suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions. |
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Pagina 72
... fuels . Many said that they disliked both kerosene and wood so much that they used them only when no other option was available . Access to gas gave them a ... Traditional Fuels Most Households in Tbilisi Consumed 875-1,750 KWh a Year, 2002.
... fuels . Many said that they disliked both kerosene and wood so much that they used them only when no other option was available . Access to gas gave them a ... Traditional Fuels Most Households in Tbilisi Consumed 875-1,750 KWh a Year, 2002.
Pagina 129
... traditional fuels such as wood ( Armenia ) and coal ( Moldova ) , while the nonpoor rely on clean fuels such as electricity and central gas ( figure 8.1 ) . These patterns have important implications for heating interventions . First ...
... traditional fuels such as wood ( Armenia ) and coal ( Moldova ) , while the nonpoor rely on clean fuels such as electricity and central gas ( figure 8.1 ) . These patterns have important implications for heating interventions . First ...
Pagina 158
... traditional fuels ranges between 6 percent and 39 percent over the last decade ( figure 9.3 ) , considerably higher than the contribution of the electricity sector ( 0.5-2.4 percent ) . Burning traditional fuels can also cause indoor ...
... traditional fuels ranges between 6 percent and 39 percent over the last decade ( figure 9.3 ) , considerably higher than the contribution of the electricity sector ( 0.5-2.4 percent ) . Burning traditional fuels can also cause indoor ...
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Termeni și expresii frecvente
AES Telasi Albania analysis Armenia arrears average Azerbaijan Baku Barmek Belarus benefits bills Bulgaria central heat changes collection rates consumers cost recovery countries demand distribution companies district heating dram economic effects of reform efficiency electricity expenditures electricity sector energy consumption energy expenditures energy sector environmental figure focus group Georgia higher Household Budget Survey Households reported impact of reform improved investments Kazakhstan kerosene kgoe Kyrgyz Republic Lampietti levels lowest 20 percent manat meters mitigating Moldova natural gas nonpayment NREDs payment percent of households percentage political poor and nonpoor poor households Poor Nonpoor poverty power sector price elasticity price increases privatization PSIAs region reliable residential sector reform Serbia service quality share social Source stakeholders substitutes supply Table Tajikistan targeted tariff increases tariff-based subsidies Tbilisi tion Total Bottom 20 traditional fuels tricity Ukraine Union Fenosa utility welfare losses wood World Bank Yerevan
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Are You Being Served?: New Tools for Measuring Service Delivery Samia Amin,Jishnu Das,Markus Goldstein Vizualizare completă - 2007 |